Kusanthula kwa kutentha kochepa ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa mafuta odzola

Mafuta amafuta nthawi zambiri amakhala oyenera kutsitsimutsa kwapakatikati pomwe kutentha koyenda kumatsika kwa kutentha kwa mafuta. Palibe zotsutsana ndi mikangano yovala mafuta ndi yoyenera mafomu onse. Mafuta aliwonse amakhala ndi magwiridwe ochepa komanso mawonekedwe. Mafuta ali ndi mafuta oyambira, makulidwe ndi owonjezera. Kubala mafuta amafuta nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi mafuta a petroleum okhazikika ndi sopo wachitsulo. M'zaka zaposachedwa, owonjezera ophatikizika ndi ochulukitsa awonjezeredwa ndi mafuta otsika. Tebulo 26 limafotokoza mwachidule kapangidwe ka mafuta. Tebulo 26. Zosakaniza zamafuta amafuta a Thicker owonjezera mchere wa hydrocarbon mafuta a litalin, free Antivator antioxidant anti-kuvala mafuta owonjezera owonjezera a calcium ndi aluminium ali ndi kukana kwamadzi abwino, oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale omwe amafunikira kutengera kulowetsedwa kwachilengedwe. Mafuta a lithiamu okhala ndi magwiridwe angapo ndipo ndioyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale ndi mawilo omaliza.
Mafuta opangidwa ndi mafuta okwera, monga etter, zopangira zopangidwa ndi silicones, zikagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ndi zowonjezera, kutentha kogwiritsira ntchito kogwiritsira ntchito nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta kuposa kutentha kwa mafuta a mafuta. Kutentha kogwiritsira ntchito mitundu yodzoza kumatha kuchokera -73 ° C mpaka 288 ° C. Otsatirawa ndi machitidwe ofanana omwe amapezeka m'mafuta ochulukirapo. Tebulo 27. Mamitundu wamba amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ophatikizika otulutsa ma turnical okhazikika mu tebulo 2 2 ndi mafuta opangidwa, kutentha kogwira ntchito, kutentha kogwira ntchito kungatheke ndi pafupifupi 10 ° C.
° C ° F ° C
Lithiamu 193 380 121 Zabwino
Lithiamu Zovuta 260+ 500+ 39 300 Zabwino
Compnute aluminiyamu maziko 249 480 149 300 abwino
Calcium sulfonate 299 570 177 350 yabwino
Polyirea 260 500 149 300 Zabwino
Kugwiritsa ntchito polsurea monga kukula ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pakuwotcha kwa zaka zoposa 30. Mafuta a polyurea akuwonetsa bwino magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, ndipo munthawi yochepa, amadziwika kuti ndi mafuta ogulitsa mpira. Kutentha kochepa pansi pa kutentha kochepa, chimbudzi choyambira mafuta odzola chimakhala chofunikira kwambiri. Mafuta ena amatha kugwira ntchito mokhazikika pamene kubereka kukuyenda, koma kumayambitsa kwambiri kuyamba kwa kubereka. M'makina ena ang'onoang'ono, sangathe kuyamba kutentha. M'malo ogwirira ntchito, pamafunika kuti mafutawo ali ndi mawonekedwe a kutentha kochepa kuyambira. Ngati kutentha kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kwakukulu, kupangira mafuta ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri. Mafuta amathabe kupanga zoyambira ndikuthamangitsidwa pang'ono pamtunda wochepa wa -73 ° C. Nthawi zina, mafuta awa amachita bwino kuposa mafutawa pankhaniyi. Mfundo yofunika kwambiri yokhudza mafuta ndikuti kuyambitsa torque si ntchito yamagetsi yopanga mafuta kapena ntchito yonse. Kuyambira torque kuli ngati ntchito ya magwiridwe antchito amunthu wina, ndipo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zomwe mwakumana nazo.
Kutentha kwakukulu: Kutentha kwambiri kwamafuta amakono nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kwa mafuta opangira mafuta ndi oxidation Kukaniza kwa mafuta am'munsi ndi mphamvu ya oxidation inhibitors. Kutentha kwa mafuta kumatsimikizika ndi malo oponyera ma torker Thicker ndi kapangidwe ka mafuta apansi. Gawo 28 likuwonetsa kutentha kwa mafuta pansi pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi. Pambuyo pazaka zoyesera ndi mafuta ambiri mafuta, njira yake yogawira yopatsirana imawonetsa kuti mafuta opangira mafuta adzasiyidwa pa kutentha kwa kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, ngati moyo wa mafuta pa kutentha kwa 90 ° C ndi maola 2000, pomwe kutentha kumakwera mpaka 100 ° C, moyo wa ntchito imachepetsedwa kwa maola 1000. Komanso, mutatsitsa kutentha mpaka 80 ° C, moyo wautumiki ukuyembekezeka kufikira maola 4000.